Cost-efficiency is a key factor affecting comprehensive competitive ability of commercial banks. The stochastic frontier analysis method was used combining with the CobbDouglas function to estimate the costefficiency value of 16 listed commercial banks of our country in 2005-2013, and then to the panel data which were obtained by the horizontal longitudinal analysis. The results showed that the cost-efficiency was affected by factors such as size and configuration, the level of cost-efficiency of city commercial banks, national joint-stock commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks was reducing. Thus suggested that large commercial banks needed to learn the experience of efficient management from the small and medium-sized commercial banks in such aspects as manpower, configuration and technology, at the same time, the small and medium-sized commercial banks should also learn the experience of scale expansion and accumulation of strength from the big commercial banks. Banks should foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses in order to further improve cost efficiency and achieve better and faster new growth.